In the Spotlight: Four Young Scientists Tackle Nematode Threats in Kenya
Nematode infestations pose a significant challenge to agriculture in various regions of Kenya. These plant-parasitic nematodes affect a wide range of crops, especially roots, tubers, and cereals, leading to considerable yield losses. Recent studies have revealed that root nematodes heavily infect these crops, underscoring the urgent need for effective management strategies.
Under the project titled "Survey and Sustainable Management of Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Tuber and Cereal Crops in Kenya," four graduate students from the MSc. Plant Pathology program at Moi University are tackling this challenge. Supported by the Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Current and Emerging Threats to Crops (CETC IL), the students are part of a collaboration between NemAfrica which includes IITA, ICIPE and Moi University. Their research focuses on mapping the distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes across Kenya and developing strategies to combat these pests, with a focus on key crops like sweet potatoes, Irish potatoes, and rice—vital to the Kenyan economy and food security. These graduate students are also receiving guidance from faculty at Michigan State University (MSU).
We spoke to them about their research journeys, challenges, and the impact of their work in Kenya.
a) What is your research about, and what excites you most about it?
Gladys: My research focuses on developing management practices to control Potato Cyst Nematodes (PCN) in Irish potato farming. I'm excited because this offers farmers an alternative to banana paper, which is scarce in the market. Using khaki paper, which is more accessible and can be treated, provides an effective solution for managing PCN, boosting potato production.
Kiama: My research is about the nematodes that affect rice crops, reducing yields and threatening food security. I'm excited because, for the first time in Kenya, I've reported the presence of Hirschmanniella species in both irrigated and upland rice systems.
Mathew: I focus on using biochar fertilizer to manage PCN, a major threat to potato farming. What excites me most is how biochar, a sustainable and eco-friendly solution, not only suppresses nematodes but also revitalizes soil health, increases yields, and offers an affordable alternative for smallholder farmers.
George: My research looks at using biochar and poultry manure to manage sweet potato nematodes. I'm excited by the potential to increase crop productivity using these cost-efficient materials while combating nematodes.
b) How is your research making a difference in local communities and across Kenya?
Gladys: My research addresses a key challenge in potato farming—PCN. By developing practical solutions like using khaki paper, we're providing farmers with affordable methods to boost their yields. This helps improve food security, livelihoods, and overall agricultural productivity.
Kiama: I'm raising awareness among farmers that nematodes are a hidden threat to rice production. With my research, the government can set strategies to fight Hirschmanniella species, ensuring better food security.
Mathew: We're showing farmers how to manage nematodes sustainably, using biochar as a locally producible and cost-effective solution. This has the potential to improve food security and reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers.
George: Farmers are starting to embrace new technologies like clean seeds and biochar. My research is helping them combat nematodes using readily available materials, which is a step toward sustainable farming.
Side by Side Yield from 10tonnes biochar treatment-T2 and absolute control-T11.Credit: George Ngatia
The work of these young scientists extends beyond research. Each contributes to local agricultural communities by raising awareness of nematode threats and providing practical solutions. They acknowledge the challenges encountered, from rough terrain to inconsistent field conditions, but remain focused on their goals.
“My research has strengthened my collaboration and communication skills,” Kiama states. “Working with experts in nematology has been crucial to my success. From presenting my proposal to submitting my article for publication, their guidance has been invaluable," he added.
Mathew advises young scientists to embrace learning from both the scientific community and local farmers. He emphasizes collaboration, patience, and understanding the problem. “Focus on thorough data collection, engage farmers by demonstrating research, and ensure solutions are practical and scalable to make a real-world impact.”
Mathew Korir engaging farmers in Nyandarua County. Credit: Mercy Achieng
In getting to know Gladys, Kiama, Mathew and George, we learn that young scientists in nematode research are making significant contributions. Their research not only addresses critical agricultural issues but also underscores the importance of monitoring and identifying nematode species, their populations and distribution. Conducting outreach is essential since smallholder farmers have limited knowledge of nematode pests. By providing practical management strategies, farmers can significantly reduce crop losses.
As their research journeys continue, they provide valuable insights and inspiration for future scientists, especially women and young people in Africa, to pursue careers in science and technology.